{
  "annotation_id": "fecd3d51-4003-4ff6-8e93-bdbf0f28d6b2",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:20.098000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:20.098000Z",
  "file_hash": "68657707291d5b3487aebfcffb12d06f81eb3ae646576ab47d4d69ef1f3da695",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The Groverian entanglement measure introduced earlier for pure quantum states\n[O. Biham, M.A. Nielsen and T. Osborne, Phys. Rev. A 65, 062312 (2002)] is\ngeneralized to the case of mixed states, in a way that maintains its\noperational interpretation. The Groverian measure of a mixed state of n qubits\nis obtained by a purification procedure into a pure state of 2n qubits,\nfollowed by an optimization process based on Uhlmann\u0027s theorem, before the\nresulting state is fed into Grover\u0027s search algorithm. The Groverian measure,\nexpressed in terms of the maximal success probability of the algorithm,\nprovides an operational measure of entanglement of both pure and mixed quantum\nstates of multiple qubits. These results may provide further insight into the\nrole of entanglement in making quantum algorithms powerful.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0508108",
    "authors": [
      "Daniel Shapira",
      "Yishai Shimoni",
      "Ofer Biham"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevA.73.044301",
    "journal_ref": "Phys. Rev A. 73, 044301 (2006)",
    "title": "The Groverian Measure of Entanglement for Mixed States",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0508108"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "d85283d0-7449-4a82-9619-275ad7c201e2",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}