dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaMartingale Models for Quantum State Reduction
| Authors | S. L. Adler, D. C. Brody, T. A. Brun, L. P. Hughston |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | quant-ph/0107153 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0107153 |
| DOI | 10.1088/0305-4470/34/42/306 |
| Journal | J. Phys. A 34, 8795-8820 (2001). |
Abstract
Stochastic models for quantum state reduction give rise to statistical laws that are in most respects in agreement with those of quantum measurement theory. Here we examine the correspondence of the two theories in detail, making a systematic use of the methods of martingale theory. An analysis is carried out to determine the magnitude of the fluctuations experienced by the expectation of the observable during the course of the reduction process and an upper bound is established for the ensemble average of the greatest fluctuations incurred. We consider the general projection postulate of L\"uders applicable in the case of a possibly degenerate eigenvalue spectrum, and derive this result rigorously from the underlying stochastic dynamics for state reduction in the case of both a pure and a mixed initial state. We also analyse the associated Lindblad equation for the evolution of the density matrix, and obtain an exact time-dependent solution for the state reduction that explicitly exhibits the transition from a general initial density matrix to the L\"uders density matrix. Finally, we apply Girsanov's theorem to derive a set of simple formulae for the dynamics of the state in terms of a family of geometric Brownian motions, thereby constructing an explicit unravelling of the Lindblad equation.
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"abstract": "Stochastic models for quantum state reduction give rise to statistical laws\nthat are in most respects in agreement with those of quantum measurement\ntheory. Here we examine the correspondence of the two theories in detail,\nmaking a systematic use of the methods of martingale theory. An analysis is\ncarried out to determine the magnitude of the fluctuations experienced by the\nexpectation of the observable during the course of the reduction process and an\nupper bound is established for the ensemble average of the greatest\nfluctuations incurred. We consider the general projection postulate of L\\\"uders\napplicable in the case of a possibly degenerate eigenvalue spectrum, and derive\nthis result rigorously from the underlying stochastic dynamics for state\nreduction in the case of both a pure and a mixed initial state. We also analyse\nthe associated Lindblad equation for the evolution of the density matrix, and\nobtain an exact time-dependent solution for the state reduction that explicitly\nexhibits the transition from a general initial density matrix to the L\\\"uders\ndensity matrix. Finally, we apply Girsanov\u0027s theorem to derive a set of simple\nformulae for the dynamics of the state in terms of a family of geometric\nBrownian motions, thereby constructing an explicit unravelling of the Lindblad\nequation.",
"arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0107153",
"authors": [
"S. L. Adler",
"D. C. Brody",
"T. A. Brun",
"L. P. Hughston"
],
"categories": [
"quant-ph"
],
"doi": "10.1088/0305-4470/34/42/306",
"journal_ref": "J. Phys. A 34, 8795-8820 (2001).",
"title": "Martingale Models for Quantum State Reduction",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0107153"
},
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