{
  "annotation_id": "fdfaa603-a2db-4fd4-bc74-840341372cbc",
  "date_created": "2026-02-17T05:53:19.843000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-02-17T05:53:19.843000Z",
  "file_hash": "c7e42aa601da6f1f8ad0d570b7d301ccf65c53b54a9a243c6ef583ca63dc1b4c",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The move to next-generation wireless communications with extremely large-scale antenna arrays (ELAAs) brings the communications into the radiative near-field (RNF) region, where distance-aware focusing is feasible. However, high-frequency RNF links are highly vulnerable to blockage in indoor environments dominated by half-space obstacles (walls, corners) that create knife-edge shadows. Conventional near-field focused beams offer high gain in line-of-sight (LoS) scenarios but suffer from severe energy truncation and effective-rank collapse in shadowed regions, making hardware remedies such as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) impractical. We propose a beamforming strategy that exploits the auto-bending property of Airy beams to mitigate half-space blockage without additional hardware. The Airy beam is designed to ``ride\u0027\u0027 the diffraction edge, accelerating its main lobe into the shadow to restore connectivity. Our contributions are threefold: (i) a Green\u0027s function-based RNF multi-user channel model that analytically reveals singular-value collapse behind knife-edge obstacles; (ii) an Airy analog beamforming scheme that optimizes the bending trajectory to recover the effective channel rank; and (iii) an Airy null-steering method that aligns oscillatory nulls with bright-region users to suppress interference in mixed shadow/bright scenarios. Simulations show that the proposed edge-riding Airy strategy achieves an SNR improvement of over 20 dB and restores full-rank connectivity in shadowed links compared to conventional RNF focusing, virtually eliminating outage in geometric shadows and increasing multi-user spectral efficiency by approximately 35\\% under typical indoor ELAA configurations. These results demonstrate robust RNF multi-user access in half-space blockage scenarios without relying on RIS.",
    "arxiv_id": "2601.09098",
    "authors": [
      "Yifeng Qin",
      "Jing Chen",
      "Zhi Hao Jiang",
      "Zhi Ning Chen",
      "Yongming Huang"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "cs.IT",
      "eess.SP",
      "math.IT",
      "physics.optics"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "title": "Overcoming the Shadow: Bending Airy Beams for Radiative Near-Field Multi-User Access in Half-Space Blockage Scenarios",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.09098",
    "version": "v1"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "3c5f8c59-b2f2-45e5-99a6-4126ee9fc9de",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-01-17",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}