{
  "annotation_id": "fa6c6811-eea7-4200-a3bc-b721556f1697",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:53.304000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:53.304000Z",
  "file_hash": "6a10a3646e07fdaf34a98c724d18a715b708dc93fc9e17e4602b1ddef20309ad",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We present here a machine that is capable of extracting work from a single\nheat bath. Although no significant temperature gradient is involved in the\noperation of the machine, yet the Carnot efficiency as high as one is\nachievable. Working of the machine is explained on the basis of a demon\nsuggested by Maxwell. Utilizing the kinetic energy spectrum of the molecules in\nsolution, the demon can send \"hotter\" molecules to a higher gravitational\npotential at the expense of their own energies. Difference in chemical\npotentials due to concentration gradients and use of semi-permeable membranes\nensure the continuing cyclic process.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0412012",
    "authors": [
      "Arbab A. Khan",
      "M. S. Ansari"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.chem-ph"
    ],
    "title": "Extracting Work From A Single Heat Bath",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0412012"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "88097367-2327-491d-87f8-52fa82d2e884",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}