{
  "annotation_id": "f9ed851b-58c2-464a-a778-fbc5b5f5cbb6",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:18.556000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:18.556000Z",
  "file_hash": "bf98adf4d462318ae1c31c79850155555ddbdb25c476b5212129eae94a7a118c",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "A new approach to chemical bonding is introduced in order to provide an\nimproved understanding of the connection between basic quantum mechanics and\nthe covalent pair bond. It\u0027s focus is on the fact that the energy of the bond\nis largely given by the kinetic energy of the electrons, while the Coulomb\nforces are only comparable to the kinetic energy terms close to the atomic\nnuclei, where they define the shape and the size of the atomic orbitals. If\natomic orbitals are used as a starting point, the kinetic energy operator is\nsufficient to determine the energy of the chemical bond. The simple\nmathematical structure of this operator allows a calculation of bond energy as\na function of the distance between the atoms. For Gaussian wavefunctions, it is\npossible to calculate this bonding potential analytically, determining the bond\nlength, the bond energy and the elasticity of the bond from only a single\nparameter, the width of the atomic wavefunction. It is shown that the results\ncorrespond surprisingly well with experimental values for diatomic molecules.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/9612007",
    "authors": [
      "Holger F. Hofmann"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.chem-ph",
      "cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
      "physics.ed-ph",
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "journal_ref": "Eur. J. Phys. 18 (1997) 354-362",
    "title": "A dynamical model of the chemical bond",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/9612007"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "abaf6488-2e3b-4d78-b45e-24431bd8c57e",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}