{
  "annotation_id": "f9660a29-e53e-4d93-a8f0-5a1b1b1ad3f6",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:48.287000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:48.287000Z",
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  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Theorems (most notably by Hegerfeldt) prove that an initially localized\nparticle whose time evolution is determined by a positive Hamiltonian will\nviolate causality. We argue that this apparent paradox is resolved for a free\nparticle described by either the Dirac equation or the Klein-Gordon equation\nbecause such a particle cannot be localized in the sense required by the\ntheorems.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0111060",
    "authors": [
      "N. Barat",
      "J. C. Kimball"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1016/S0375-9601(02)01806-6",
    "journal_ref": "Physics Letters A vol.308(2003)110-115",
    "title": "Localization and Causality for a free particle",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0111060"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "4c859236-bc07-4db0-b655-376cd5080c61",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}