{
  "annotation_id": "f9174334-d826-4607-a5f3-5de0023ebe3a",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:20.653000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:20.653000Z",
  "file_hash": "df3f80ead2a8deb31d63d47b36db71c012da4d4f2e5708742ec5025231d4b47a",
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  "record": {
    "abstract": "The impossibility of perfectly copying (or cloning) an arbitrary quantum\nstate is one of the basic rules governing the physics of quantum systems. The\nprocesses that perform the optimal approximate cloning have been found in many\ncases. These \"quantum cloning machines\" are important tools for studying a wide\nvariety of tasks, e.g. state estimation and eavesdropping on quantum\ncryptography. This paper provides a comprehensive review of quantum cloning\nmachines (both for discrete-dimensional and for continuous-variable quantum\nsystems); in addition, it presents the role of cloning in quantum cryptography,\nthe link between optimal cloning and light amplification via stimulated\nemission, and the experimental demonstrations of optimal quantum cloning.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0511088",
    "authors": [
      "Valerio Scarani",
      "Sofyan Iblisdir",
      "Nicolas Gisin",
      "Antonio Acin"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/RevModPhys.77.1225",
    "journal_ref": "Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 1225-1256 (2005)",
    "title": "Quantum cloning",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0511088"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "c0cd70d0-a860-483b-b674-21a215d7c0ef",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}