{
  "annotation_id": "f81d4024-cda9-4bb6-a448-a4bfc4f6f0de",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:57.221000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:57.221000Z",
  "file_hash": "d501aacad80a4e3d2ec1e4e23a6fc7fe1f71f295d07750b2da88f3f0e1db309c",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We analyze a set of three databases at different levels of aggregation (i) a\ndatabase of approximately $10^6$ publications of 247 countries in the period\nbetween 1980--2001. (ii) A database of 508 academic institutions from European\nUnion (EU) and 408 institutes from USA in the 11 year period between during\n1991--2001. (iii) A database comprising of 2330 Flemish authors in the period\n1980--2000. At all levels of aggregation we find that the mean annual growth\nrates of publications is independent of the number of publications of the\nvarious units involved. We also find that the standard deviation of the\ndistribution of annual growth rates decays with the number of publications as a\npower law with exponent $\\approx 0.3$. These findings are consistent with those\nof recent studies of systems such as the size of R\u0026D funding budgets of\ncountries, the research publication volumes of US universities, and the size of\nbusiness firms.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0502083",
    "authors": [
      "Kaushik Matia",
      "Luis A. Nunes Amaral",
      "Marc Luwel",
      "Henk. F. Moed",
      "H. Eugene Stanley"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.soc-ph"
    ],
    "title": "Scaling Phenomena in the Growth Dynamics of Scientific Output",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0502083"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "8767538f-341a-4bf2-8e31-31e3978961d5",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}