{
  "annotation_id": "f1170605-67aa-4078-8dff-b50e9aa4c0e3",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:24.523000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:24.523000Z",
  "file_hash": "2839e4723143f76a460e8264a626b1d91e3059034126726378b6d72e099adf99",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "ElectroMagnetic Quantum Gravity (EMQG) is applied to the problem of the\nCosmological Constant. EMQG is a quantum gravity theory (ref. 1) in which the\nvirtual particles of the quantum vacuum play a very important role in all\ngravitational interactions, and also in accelerated motion. According to EMQG\ntheory (and quantum field theory in general), empty space is populated by vast\nnumbers of virtual particles, consisting of virtual fermion and virtual\nanti-fermion particles, which posses mass, and also virtual boson particles of\nall the various force particle species. Therefore the problem of the\ncosmological constant is essentially equivalent to a determination of the mass\ncontributed by all the virtual particles of the vacuum to the overall curvature\nand dynamics of the entire universe. Our original analysis was based on the\nassumption of perfect symmetry in the creation and destruction of virtual\nfermion and virtual anti-fermion particle pairs in the quantum vacuum, which is\nin accordance with the existing laws of conservation of both electric charge,\nand also of the new law of conservation of gravitational \u0027mass charge\u0027. We now\nbelieve that this may not be necessarily true, and that EMQG can allow the\npossibility of a very tiny value for the cosmological constant. Furthermore, it\nturns out that this question can only be resolved when a solution to the\nproblem of baryon asymmetry in the universe is resolved. In other words an\nanswer must be found as to why our universe seems to contain only real matter,\nand very little, if any anti-matter.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/9903040",
    "authors": [
      "Tom Ostoma",
      "Mike Trushyk"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "title": "The Problem of the Cosmological Constant",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/9903040"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "d47d19be-4d1b-468e-a06e-047327e45a3a",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}