dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaTerahertz All-Optical Modulation in a Silicon-Polymer Hybrid System
| Authors | Michael Hochberg, Tom Baehr-Jones, Guangxi Wang, Michael Shearn, Katherine Harvard, Jingdong Liu, Baoquan Chen, Zhengwei Shi, Rhys Lawson, Phil Sullivan, Alex K. Y. Jen, Larry Dalton, Axel Scherer |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | physics/0606244 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0606244 |
| DOI | 10.1038/nmat1719 |
Abstract
Although Gigahertz-scale free-carrier modulators have been previously demonstrated in silicon, intensity modulators operating at Terahertz speeds have not been reported because of silicon's weak ultrafast optical nonlinearity. We have demonstrated intensity modulation of light with light in a silicon-polymer integrated waveguide device, based on the all-optical Kerr effect - the same ultrafast effect used in four-wave mixing. Direct measurements of time-domain intensity modulation are made at speeds of 10 GHz. We showed experimentally that the ultrafast mechanism of this modulation functions at the optical frequency through spectral measurements, and that intensity modulation at frequencies in excess of 1 THz can be obtained in this device. By integrating optical polymers through evanescent coupling to high-mode-confinement silicon waveguides, we greatly increase the effective nonlinearity of the waveguide for cross-phase modulation. The combination of high mode confinement, multiple integrated optical components, and high nonlinearities produces all-optical ultrafast devices operating at continuous-wave power levels compatible with telecommunication systems. Although far from commercial radio frequency optical modulator standards in terms of extinction, these devices are a first step in development of large-scale integrated ultrafast optical logic in silicon, and are two orders of magnitude faster than previously reported silicon devices.
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"abstract": "Although Gigahertz-scale free-carrier modulators have been previously\ndemonstrated in silicon, intensity modulators operating at Terahertz speeds\nhave not been reported because of silicon\u0027s weak ultrafast optical\nnonlinearity. We have demonstrated intensity modulation of light with light in\na silicon-polymer integrated waveguide device, based on the all-optical Kerr\neffect - the same ultrafast effect used in four-wave mixing. Direct\nmeasurements of time-domain intensity modulation are made at speeds of 10 GHz.\nWe showed experimentally that the ultrafast mechanism of this modulation\nfunctions at the optical frequency through spectral measurements, and that\nintensity modulation at frequencies in excess of 1 THz can be obtained in this\ndevice. By integrating optical polymers through evanescent coupling to\nhigh-mode-confinement silicon waveguides, we greatly increase the effective\nnonlinearity of the waveguide for cross-phase modulation. The combination of\nhigh mode confinement, multiple integrated optical components, and high\nnonlinearities produces all-optical ultrafast devices operating at\ncontinuous-wave power levels compatible with telecommunication systems.\nAlthough far from commercial radio frequency optical modulator standards in\nterms of extinction, these devices are a first step in development of\nlarge-scale integrated ultrafast optical logic in silicon, and are two orders\nof magnitude faster than previously reported silicon devices.",
"arxiv_id": "physics/0606244",
"authors": [
"Michael Hochberg",
"Tom Baehr-Jones",
"Guangxi Wang",
"Michael Shearn",
"Katherine Harvard",
"Jingdong Liu",
"Baoquan Chen",
"Zhengwei Shi",
"Rhys Lawson",
"Phil Sullivan",
"Alex K. Y. Jen",
"Larry Dalton",
"Axel Scherer"
],
"categories": [
"physics.optics"
],
"doi": "10.1038/nmat1719",
"title": "Terahertz All-Optical Modulation in a Silicon-Polymer Hybrid System",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0606244"
},
"schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
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