{
  "annotation_id": "e2c66381-f082-4162-b4e1-b9b51e2b51b1",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:21.746000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:21.746000Z",
  "file_hash": "41f05783ea9cd3494c1bb4707739127531da4f1f98fc84c48f92d08ae82a96ba",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Quantum electrodynamics is the well-accepted theory. However, we feel it is\nuseful to look at formalisms that provide alternative ways to describe light,\nbecause in the recent years the development of quantum field theories based\nprimarily on the gauge principle has encountered considerable difficulties.\nThere is a wide variety of generalized theories and they are characterized\nmainly by the introduction of additional parameters and/or longitudinal modes\nof electromagnetism. The Majorana-Oppenheimer form of electrodynamics, the\nSachs\u0027 theory of Elementary Matter, the analysis of the action-at-a-distance\nconcept, presented recently by Chubykalo and Smirnov-Rueda, and the analysis of\nthe claimed `longitudinality\u0027 of the antisymmetric tensor field after\nquantization are reviewed in this essay. We also list recent advances in the\nWeinberg 2(2J+1) formalism (which is built on First Principles) and in the\nMajorana theory of neutral particles. These may serve as starting points for\nconstructing a quantum theory of light.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/9802039",
    "authors": [
      "Valeri V. Dvoeglazov"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.hist-ph"
    ],
    "journal_ref": "Apeiron 5 (1998) 69-88",
    "title": "Historical Note on the Relativistic Theories of Electromagnetism",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/9802039"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "f8e5aee5-249c-43eb-bc6b-7a566dc39547",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}