dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaA physical model for aftershocks triggered by dislocation on a rectangular fault
| Authors | R. Console, F. Catalli |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | physics/0505033 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0505033 |
Abstract
We find the static displacement, stress, strain and the modified Columb failure stress produced in an elastic medium by a finite size rectangular fault after its dislocation with uniform stress drop but a non uniform dislocation on the source. The time-dependent rate of triggered earthquakes is estimated by a rate-state model applied to a uniformly distributed population of faults whose equilibrium is perturbated by a stress change caused only by the first dislocation. The rate of triggered events in our simulations is exponentially proportional to the stress change, but the time at which the maximum rate begins to decrease is variable from fractions of hour for positive stress changes of the order of some MPa, up to more than a year for smaller stress changes. As a consequence, the final number of triggered events is proportional to the stress change. The model predicts that the total number of events triggered on a plane containing the fault is proportional to the 2/3 power of the seismic moment. Indeed, the total number of aftershocks produced on the fault plane scales in magnitude as 10^{M}. Including the negative contribution of the stress drop inside the source, we observe that the number of events inhibited on the fault is, at long term, nearly identical to the number of those induced outside, representing a sort of conservative natural rule. Considering its behaviour in time, our model doesn't completely match the popular Omori law; in fact it has been shown that the seismicity induced closely to the fault edges is intense but of short duration, while that expected at large distances (up to some tens times the fault dimensions) exhibits a much slower decay.
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"abstract": "We find the static displacement, stress, strain and the modified Columb\nfailure stress produced in an elastic medium by a finite size rectangular fault\nafter its dislocation with uniform stress drop but a non uniform dislocation on\nthe source. The time-dependent rate of triggered earthquakes is estimated by a\nrate-state model applied to a uniformly distributed population of faults whose\nequilibrium is perturbated by a stress change caused only by the first\ndislocation. The rate of triggered events in our simulations is exponentially\nproportional to the stress change, but the time at which the maximum rate\nbegins to decrease is variable from fractions of hour for positive stress\nchanges of the order of some MPa, up to more than a year for smaller stress\nchanges. As a consequence, the final number of triggered events is proportional\nto the stress change. The model predicts that the total number of events\ntriggered on a plane containing the fault is proportional to the 2/3 power of\nthe seismic moment. Indeed, the total number of aftershocks produced on the\nfault plane scales in magnitude as 10^{M}. Including the negative contribution\nof the stress drop inside the source, we observe that the number of events\ninhibited on the fault is, at long term, nearly identical to the number of\nthose induced outside, representing a sort of conservative natural rule.\nConsidering its behaviour in time, our model doesn\u0027t completely match the\npopular Omori law; in fact it has been shown that the seismicity induced\nclosely to the fault edges is intense but of short duration, while that\nexpected at large distances (up to some tens times the fault dimensions)\nexhibits a much slower decay.",
"arxiv_id": "physics/0505033",
"authors": [
"R. Console",
"F. Catalli"
],
"categories": [
"physics.geo-ph"
],
"title": "A physical model for aftershocks triggered by dislocation on a rectangular fault",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0505033"
},
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