{
  "annotation_id": "dcd86407-92c2-428e-bd72-aa90b07a4631",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:23.430000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:23.430000Z",
  "file_hash": "7cc14c4aaf79b2b59457a5b70d8c4c40cc5935589ef05e8328c1c8609ba71ac0",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Here I present a new discrete model of quantum mechanics for relativistic\n1-electron systems, in which particle movement is described by a directed\nspace-time graph with attached 4-spinors, but without any continuous wave\nfunctions. These graphs only consist of few space-like edges, e.g. the ground\nstate of atoms is described by two nodes and one edge, and interactions only\ntake place at the nodes.\n  The fundament is an extremal principle for a relativistic invariant\n\"Lagrangian sum\", from which \"field-equations\" and \"equations of motion\" are\nderived, so the states (including the graph nodes) are completely determined.\n  As important validations of the model, the corresponding graphs for the\nstationary Dirac-equation for the atom are drawn and the correct spectra are\ncomputed (Sommerfeld-levels).\n  Also a discrete Schroedinger approximation and an associated \"Hamiltonian\nsum\" are derived and the correct equation of a classical moving particle under\nLorentz-force is presented.\n  I hope, that this new approach will help, to overcome some problems of\ncurrent quantum mechanics by making the wave function superfluous.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0601080",
    "authors": [
      "Wolfgang Koehler"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "title": "A new discrete view to the quantum world",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0601080"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "cd39b5e8-d847-4c62-b9e1-047693a5eee8",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}