{
  "annotation_id": "da11ab38-99f3-4cab-901b-71b07f558dba",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:42.577000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:42.577000Z",
  "file_hash": "a2e224a8fa905260bbe8d74857da6e69f0670be606d4c9aad71c832e18510fe6",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We study cooling of the collective vibrational motion of two 138Ba+ ions\nconfined in an electrodynamic trap and irradiated with laser light close to the\nresonances S_1/2-P_1/2 (493 nm) and P_1/2-D_3/2 (650 nm). The motional state of\nthe ions is monitored by a spatially resolving photo multiplier. Depending on\ndetuning and intensity of the cooling lasers, macroscopically different\nmotional states corresponding to different ion temperatures are observed. We\nalso derive the ions\u0027 temperature from detailed analytical calculations of\nlaser cooling taking into account the Zeeman structure of the energy levels\ninvolved. The observed motional states perfectly match the calculated\ntemperatures. Significant heating is observed in the vicinity of the dark\nresonances of the Zeeman-split S_1/2-D_3/2 Raman transitions. Here two-photon\nprocesses dominate the interaction between lasers and ions. Parameter regimes\nof laser light are identified that imply most efficient laser cooling.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0104002",
    "authors": [
      "D. Reiss",
      "K. Abich",
      "W. Neuhauser",
      "Ch. Wunderlich",
      "P. E. Toschek"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevA.65.053401",
    "journal_ref": "Phys. Rev. A 65 (2002) 053401",
    "title": "Raman cooling and heating of two trapped Ba+ ions",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0104002"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "cb89a89a-aa8c-4b05-a6a4-b553f2241abc",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}