{
  "annotation_id": "d3c2ed31-73c2-494b-88b8-a50c0d4d0f37",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:15.352000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:15.352000Z",
  "file_hash": "62e067d1a42ea2de402ab78f6a5b16f01a18221ae0e0c2c89b163739b577a1ea",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The hadronic phase space distributions calculated with the transport model\nRQMD for central S(200 AGeV) on S and Pb(160AGeV) on Pb collisions are analyzed\nto study the deviations from ideal hydrodynamical evolution. After the\npreequilibrium stage, which lasts for approximately 4 (2) fm/c in Pb+Pb (S+S)\nthe source stays in approximate kinetic equilibrium for about 2 fm/c at a\ntemperature close to 140 MeV. The interactions of mesons last until around 14\n(5) fm/c during which time strong transverse flow is generated. The\ninteractions in the hadronic resonance gas are not sufficiently strong to\nmaintain ideal fluid expansion. While pions acquire average transverse fluid\nvelocities around 0.47-0.58 c, heavier particles like protons and kaons cannot\nkeep up with the pionic fluid, since their average velocities are smaller by\nabout 20 to 30 \\%. Although kinetic equilibrium breaks down in the final dilute\nstage of $AA$ collisions, the system resembles a thermal system at a\ntemperature of 130 MeV, if the free streaming of hadrons after freeze-out is\nsuppressed. This freeze-out temperature is consistent with estimates based on\nmean free paths and expansion rates in a thermal fireball but lower than values\nderived from fits to measured particle ratios and transverse momentum spectra.\nThe processes in RQMD to which the differences can be attributed to are the\nnon-ideal expansion of the hadronic matter and the absence of chemical\nequilibrium at freeze-out.",
    "arxiv_id": "nucl-th/9510056",
    "authors": [
      "H. Sorge"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "nucl-th"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1016/0370-2693(96)00110-4",
    "journal_ref": "Phys.Lett. B373 (1996) 16-22",
    "title": "Temperatures and Non-ideal Expansion in Ultrarelativistic   Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9510056"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "4afadfd0-d2ac-4a72-97af-52ca8699962f",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}