{
  "annotation_id": "d1ef97b9-a0dc-42b7-88ae-f739ad1669c9",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:03.280000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:03.280000Z",
  "file_hash": "09c4986aa76dd86fd6e7250452495420ee9e1c214df45f2ff7c8defecd1dbc93",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We seek to determine the mechanism of like-charge attraction by measuring the\ntemperature dependence of critical divalent counterion concentration\n($\\rm{C_{c}}$) for the aggregation of fd viruses. We find that an increase in\ntemperature causes $\\rm{C_c}$ to decrease, primarily due to a decrease in the\ndielectric constant ($\\epsilon$) of the solvent. At a constant $\\epsilon$,\n$\\rm{C_c}$ is found to increase as the temperature increases. The effects of\n$T$ and $\\epsilon$ on $\\rm {C_{c}}$ can be combined to that of one parameter:\nBjerrum length ($l_{B}$). $\\rm{C_{c}}$ decreases exponentially as $l_{B}$\nincreases, suggesting that entropic effect of counterions plays an important\nrole at the onset of bundle formation.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0511154",
    "authors": [
      "Qi Wen",
      "Jay X Tang"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.bio-ph",
      "physics.chem-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.048101",
    "title": "Temperature Effects on Threshold Counterion Concentration to Induce   Aggregation of fd Virus",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0511154"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "d6c9a75b-737b-4398-8059-9e9c1d65a052",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}