dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaDepleted-Uranium Weapons: the Whys and Wherefores
| Authors | Andre Gsponer |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | physics/0301059 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0301059 |
| Journal | in A. Gut, B. Vitale, and P.Low, "Depleted uranium" (Spokesman, Nottingham, 2003, ISBN 0-85124-685-0) 126--158. |
Abstract
The only military application in which depleted-uranium (DU) alloys out-perform present-day tungsten alloys is long-rod penetration into a main battle-tank's armor. However, this advantage is only on the order of 10%, and it disappears when the comparison is made in terms of actual lethality of complete anti-tank systems instead of laboratory-type steel penetration capability. Therefore, new micro- and nano-engineered tungsten alloys may soon out-perform DU alloys, enabling the production of tungsten munition which will be better than existing uranium munition, and whose overall life-cycle cost will be lower, due to the absence of the problems related to the radioactivity of uranium. The reasons why DU weapons have been introduced and used are analysed from the perspective that their radioactivity must have played an important role in the decision making process. It is found that DU weapons belong to the diffuse category of low-radiological-impact nuclear weapons to which emerging types of low-yield (i.e., fourth generation) nuclear explosives also belong. It is concluded that the battlefield use of DU during the 1991 Gulf War, which broke a 46-year-long taboo against the intentional use or induction of radioactivity in combat, has created a military and legal precedent which has trivialized the combat use of radioactive materials, and therefore made the use of nuclear weapons more probable.
{
"annotation_id": "ce28f506-f47c-4833-bed1-99b6097b07c7",
"date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:43.087000Z",
"date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:43.087000Z",
"file_hash": "7e213889302f3ec21307c0d67c419e3db90ed6c7ebf49fcfd4454b12f5af8ad9",
"private": false,
"record": {
"abstract": "The only military application in which depleted-uranium (DU) alloys\nout-perform present-day tungsten alloys is long-rod penetration into a main\nbattle-tank\u0027s armor. However, this advantage is only on the order of 10%, and\nit disappears when the comparison is made in terms of actual lethality of\ncomplete anti-tank systems instead of laboratory-type steel penetration\ncapability. Therefore, new micro- and nano-engineered tungsten alloys may soon\nout-perform DU alloys, enabling the production of tungsten munition which will\nbe better than existing uranium munition, and whose overall life-cycle cost\nwill be lower, due to the absence of the problems related to the radioactivity\nof uranium. The reasons why DU weapons have been introduced and used are\nanalysed from the perspective that their radioactivity must have played an\nimportant role in the decision making process. It is found that DU weapons\nbelong to the diffuse category of low-radiological-impact nuclear weapons to\nwhich emerging types of low-yield (i.e., fourth generation) nuclear explosives\nalso belong. It is concluded that the battlefield use of DU during the 1991\nGulf War, which broke a 46-year-long taboo against the intentional use or\ninduction of radioactivity in combat, has created a military and legal\nprecedent which has trivialized the combat use of radioactive materials, and\ntherefore made the use of nuclear weapons more probable.",
"arxiv_id": "physics/0301059",
"authors": [
"Andre Gsponer"
],
"categories": [
"physics.soc-ph"
],
"journal_ref": "in A. Gut, B. Vitale, and P.Low, \"Depleted uranium\" (Spokesman,\n Nottingham, 2003, ISBN 0-85124-685-0) 126--158.",
"title": "Depleted-Uranium Weapons: the Whys and Wherefores",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0301059"
},
"schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
"source": {
"execution_id": "bc4e15c4-aa19-4d16-96d0-11c664b55f9a",
"id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
"type": "Model",
"variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
"version": "0.1.0"
},
"user_id": 1000002
}