{
  "annotation_id": "cd9801a3-83b4-421c-88ac-5bd628f6f73e",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:23.787000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:23.787000Z",
  "file_hash": "254198087c086eb6ee58621d0328231f0d3a0a85a17b665d97f6467f30a3592d",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The concept of entanglement in systems where the particles are\nindistinguishable has been the subject of much recent interest and controversy.\nIn this paper we study the notion of entanglement of particles introduced by\nWiseman and Vaccaro [Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 097902 (2003)] in several specific\nphysical systems, including some that occur in condensed matter physics. The\nentanglement of particles is relevant when the identical particles are\nitinerant and so not distinguished by their position as in spin models. We show\nthat entanglement of particles can behave differently to other approaches that\nhave been used previously, such as entanglement of modes (occupation-number\nentanglement) and the entanglement in the two-spin reduced density matrix. We\nargue that the entanglement of particles is what could actually be measured in\nmost experimental scenarios and thus its physical significance is clear. This\nsuggests entanglement of particles may be useful in connecting theoretical and\nexperimental studies of entanglement in condensed matter systems.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0601079",
    "authors": [
      "Mark R. Dowling",
      "Andrew C. Doherty",
      "Howard M. Wiseman"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevA.73.052323",
    "journal_ref": "Phys. Rev. A, 73, 052323 (2006)",
    "title": "Entanglement of indistinguishable particles in condensed matter physics",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0601079"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "5d14318c-a1ef-4598-aeb6-328a694d59c8",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}