{
  "annotation_id": "c7e5d927-8ed8-4f49-9c52-5d2bf059ee8c",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:28.838000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:28.838000Z",
  "file_hash": "59d197879650cc25f82e4e77f4cffc5b9e1f6cf7a01a26b02dd47d3bd33fda10",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Experiments with shadowgraph visualization reveal a subcritical transition to\na hexagonal convection pattern in thin liquid layers that have a free upper\nsurface and are heated from below. The measured critical Marangoni number (84)\nand observation of hysteresis (3%) agree with theory. In some experiments,\nimperfect bifurcation is observed and is attributed to deterministic forcing\ncaused in part by the lateral boundaries in the experiment.",
    "arxiv_id": "patt-sol/9507002",
    "authors": [
      "Michael F. Schatz",
      "Stephen J. VanHook",
      "William D. McCormick",
      "J. B. Swift",
      "Harry L. Swinney"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "patt-sol",
      "nlin.PS"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1938",
    "title": "Onset of Surface-Tension-Driven Benard Convection",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/patt-sol/9507002"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "e9fb701b-c23b-4ed9-b297-ad53fafec925",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}