{
  "annotation_id": "c026f8d3-cd14-41d1-ab58-919792b0bfa1",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:02.607000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:02.607000Z",
  "file_hash": "594038a93cbc94dea9c9d5737945c862f79c0239dd672ba8b1d46cc05d02b38c",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We consider finite macroscopic systems, i.e., systems of large but finite\ndegrees of freedom, which we believe are poorly understood as compared with\nsmall systems and infinite systems. We focus on pure states that do not have\nthe `cluster property.\u0027 Such a pure state is entangled macroscopically, and is\nquite anomalous in view of many-body physics because it does not approach any\npure state in the infinite-size limit. However, we often encounter such\nanomalous states when studying finite macroscopic systems, such as quantum\ncomputers with many qubits and finite systems that will exhibit symmetry\nbreaking in the infinite-size limit. We study stabilities of such anomalous\nstates in general systems. In contrast to the previous works, we obtain general\nand universal results, by making full use of the locality of the theory. Using\nthe general results, we discuss roles of anomalous states in quantum computers,\nand the mechanism of emergence of a classical world from quantum theory.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0311176",
    "authors": [
      "Akira Shimizu",
      "Takayuki Miyadera",
      "Akihisa Ukena"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "title": "Anomalous quantum states in finite macroscopic systems",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0311176"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "d111e7b7-ed1d-4a54-8c34-3750f7cfce9b",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}