{
  "annotation_id": "c01eb366-6adb-4884-8123-4440b2ad8d05",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:17.965000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:17.965000Z",
  "file_hash": "f4f745e26677f495564d887de9ce95a98cc8ecca1a77d940af590dc12fca0941",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The recently introduced quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm\nis employed to find infinitesimal dipole models (IDM) for antennas with known\nnear-fields (measured or computed). The IDM can predict accurately both the\nnear-fields and the far- fields of the antenna. A theory is developed to\nexplain the mechanism behind the IDM using the multipole expansion method. The\nIDM obtained from single frequency solutions is extrapolated over a frequency\nrange around the design frequency. The method is demonstrated by analyzing\nconductingand dielectric- type antennas. A calibration procedure is proposed to\nsystematically implement infinitesimal dipoles within existing MOM codes. The\ninteraction of the IDM with passive and active objects is studied through\nseveral examples. The IDM proved to predict the interaction efficiently. A\nclosed-form expression for the mutual admittance between similar or dissimilar\nantennas, with arbitrary orientations and/or locations, is derived using the\nreaction theorem.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0702212",
    "authors": [
      "Said M. Mikki",
      "Ahmed A. Kishk"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.class-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1109/TAP.2007.895625",
    "title": "Theory and Applications of Infinitesimal Dipole Models for Computational   Electromagnetics",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0702212"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "5ffba481-8392-4644-93ba-f17097fe094b",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}