{
  "annotation_id": "b39215cc-a44b-41b0-8bc5-e0bb90f6dae6",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:49.519000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:49.519000Z",
  "file_hash": "6e13667a898f77f9e0c1fdb46a9ce6160841624026695e815679ab7c5ce8c09b",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The freezing of metal nanoclusters such as gold, silver, and copper exhibits\na novel structural evolution. The formation of the icosahedral (Ih) structure\nis dominant despite its energetic metastability. This important phenomenon,\nhitherto not understood, is studied by calculating free energies of gold\nnanoclusters. The structural transition barriers have been determined by using\nthe umbrella sampling technique combined with molecular dynamics simulations.\nOur calculations show that the formation of Ih gold nanoclusters is attributed\nto the lower free energy barrier from the liquid to the Ih phases compared to\nthe barrier from the liquid to the face-centered-cubic crystal phases.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0406107",
    "authors": [
      "H. -S. Nam",
      "Nong M. Hwang",
      "B. D. Yu",
      "D. -Y. Kim",
      "J. -K. Yoon"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.atm-clus",
      "physics.comp-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevB.71.233401",
    "title": "Free Energy Approach to the Formation of an Icosahedral Structure during   the Freezing of Gold Nanoclusters",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0406107"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "fc98a568-5c53-4a7e-b524-35a305ad1106",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}