{
  "annotation_id": "b37e8501-898e-4c05-a1d8-fe3809769c26",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:57.325000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:57.325000Z",
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  "record": {
    "abstract": "We report on a strategy for achieving negative phase velocity (NPV) in a\nhomogenized composite medium (HCM) conceptualized using the Bruggeman\nformalism. The constituent material phases of the HCM do not support NPV\npropagation. The HCM and its constituent phases are isotropic\ndielectric-magnetic mediums; the real parts of their\npermittivities/permeabilities are negative-valued whereas the real parts of\ntheir permeabilities/permittivities are positive-valued.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0505005",
    "authors": [
      "Tom G. Mackay",
      "Akhlesh Lakhtakia"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.optics"
    ],
    "journal_ref": "Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 47(4), 2005, 313-315",
    "title": "Negative phase velocity in isotropic dielectric-magnetic mediums via   homogenization",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0505005"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "ea7d96b0-6c5b-483c-b053-ae10827f12a4",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}