{
  "annotation_id": "b1fc6722-eecc-426c-a55f-422e3d4e2525",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:59.401000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:59.401000Z",
  "file_hash": "4624b38ee446be3ebcd01439ae2d8e082a2d81be35f7f9821e78e275c39cc402",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Examples of geometric phases abound in many areas of physics. They offer both\nfundamental insights into many physical phenomena and lead to interesting\npractical implementations. One of them, as indicated recently, might be an\ninherently fault-tolerant quantum computation. This, however, requires to deal\nwith geometric phases in the presence of noise and interactions between\ndifferent physical subsystems. Despite the wealth of literature on the subject\nof geometric phases very little is known about this very important case. Here\nwe report the first experimental study of geometric phases for mixed quantum\nstates. We show how different they are from the well understood, noiseless,\npure-state case.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0305054",
    "authors": [
      "Jiangfeng Du",
      "Ping Zou",
      "Mingjun Shi",
      "Leong Chuan Kwek",
      "Jian-Wei Pan",
      "Choo Hiap Oh",
      "Artur Ekert",
      "Daniel K. L. Oi",
      "Marie Ericsson"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.100403",
    "journal_ref": "Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 100403 (2003)",
    "title": "An experimental observation of geometric phases for mixed states using   NMR interferometry",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0305054"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "1c7702ca-7c40-4afd-9151-a1132b5b1694",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}