{
  "annotation_id": "b1910b75-3a9a-45b8-8a8e-5f9370d47806",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:36.346000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:36.346000Z",
  "file_hash": "5e6d55119549217a2e1ad317a81f2008e5751c164a718293a63992055e4c4e8a",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "A contradiction of the Little-Parks experiment with the Ohm\u0027s law and other\nfundamental laws is explained. This explanation shows that the Little-Parks\noscillations of the loop resistance are an experimental evidence of a direct\n(non-chaotic) Brownian motion. The Langevin force is connected with a change of\nthe momentum circulation of superconducting pairs because of the quantization.\nIts average value can be non-zero because of the quantization. The existence of\na direct Brownian motion contradicts to the principle on which the second law\nof thermodynamic is based. Therefore the Little-Parks experiment is evidence of\na possibility of violation of the second law. In the last years other authors\nhave stated also violation of the second law in different quantum systems:\nA.E.Allahverdyan and Th.M.Nieuwenhuizen, PRL 85, 1799 (2000); cond-mat/0011389;\nV.Capec and J.Bok, Czech.J. of Phys. 49, 1645 (1999); cond-mat/0012056; Physica\nA 290, 379 (2001); P. Weiss, Science News, 158, 234 (2000).",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0104073",
    "authors": [
      "A. V. Nikulov"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevB.64.012505",
    "journal_ref": "Phys.Rev.B 64, 012505 (2001)",
    "title": "Quantum Force in a Superconductor",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0104073"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "38e47d4e-b2fc-4eaa-9940-295ef1170c3c",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}