{
  "annotation_id": "b178fa68-8f1b-4fab-a518-18b903933312",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:35.335000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:35.335000Z",
  "file_hash": "4bdf8ee9a8249ac73533483894931f250a72b1f89de0bd5a314ab453ba9eb42c",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "I propose here a new concept of information based on two relevant aspects of\nits expression. The first related to the undeniable fact that the expression of\ninformation modifies the physical state of its receiver. The second to the\narbitrariness of such physical changes. In fact, these changes are not\ndeducible from physical laws but from a code established arbitrarily. Thus,\nphysical information is proposed here as the capacity of producing arbitrary\nchanges. Once defined physical information from this physical point of view, I\ndeduce some basic properties of informed systems. These properties (renewal,\nself-reproducing, evolution, diversification) are immediately recognized as the\nattributes most characteristic of living beings, the only natural informed\nsystems we know. I also propose here a double evaluation of information. The\nformer is an absolute measure of the physical effects of its expression based\non Einstein\u0027s probability. The second is a functional measure based on the\nprobability that an informed systems attain a given objective as consequence of\nthe expression of its information.",
    "arxiv_id": "q-bio/0609028",
    "authors": [
      "Antonio Leon"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "q-bio.PE"
    ],
    "journal_ref": "Journal of Biological Systems. 1996. v. 4. pp. 565-584",
    "title": "Living beings as informed systems: towards a physical theory of   information",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/q-bio/0609028"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "c37dbd2f-8d49-41ca-8e81-9dba5d70a563",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}