{
  "annotation_id": "b02ece98-76e5-45f9-bc50-968a71179702",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:49.515000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:49.515000Z",
  "file_hash": "0aa02d43c3b37e7da690aa56c4603acc45b0c3b4eca95395f35f324b1c169376",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "A Lagrangean for the dynamics of an electromagnetic field in a dispersive and\ndissipative material is constructed (adapting some ideas by Bekenstein and\nHannay) and an expression for the energy density that is positive is obtained\nfrom it. The expression contains extra (sink) degrees of freedom that represent\ndissipating modes. In simplified cases the sink modes can be eliminated to\nyield an energy density expression in terms of the electromagnetic fields, the\npolarization and the magnetization only, but which contains parameters\nassociated with the sink modes. The method of adding extra modes can be used to\nset up a Lagrangean formalism for dissipative systems in general, such that\nwill reinstate time-translation invariance and will yield a unique energy\ndensity.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0406128",
    "authors": [
      "R. Englman",
      "A. Yahalom"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.class-ph",
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00953-8",
    "journal_ref": "Physics Letters A, 314/5-6, 367-373 (2003)",
    "title": "Energy Density of a Dissipative Polarizable Solid by a Lagrangean   Formalism",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0406128"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "d985150c-8d6d-4f12-ba2a-9f586538d52a",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}