{
  "annotation_id": "a2862a33-7c01-4ebd-b4bd-b97e916ad578",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:45.199000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:45.199000Z",
  "file_hash": "5c9ff6eb8421def7d14bf06187c87f8f99f4198173fb9a8c57c621da62a59a72",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "This paper discusses a generalization of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage\n(STIRAP) in which the single intermediate state is replaced by $N$ intermediate\nstates. Each of these states is connected to the initial state $\\state{i}$ with\na coupling proportional to the pump pulse and to the final state $\\state{f}$\nwith a coupling proportional to the Stokes pulse, thus forming a parallel\nmulti-$\\Lambda$ system. It is shown that the dark (trapped) state exists only\nwhen the ratio between each pump coupling and the respective Stokes coupling is\nthe same for all intermediate states. We derive the conditions for existence of\na more general adiabatic-transfer state which includes transient contributions\nfrom the intermediate states but still transfers the population from state\n$\\state{i}$ to state $\\state{f}$ in the adiabatic limit. We present various\nnumerical examples for success and failure of multi-$\\Lambda$ STIRAP which\nillustrate the analytic predictions. Our results suggest that in the general\ncase of arbitrary couplings, it is most appropriate to tune the pump and Stokes\nlasers either just below or just above all intermediate states.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/9903096",
    "authors": [
      "N. V. Vitanov",
      "S. Stenholm"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevA.60.3820",
    "title": "Adiabatic population transfer via multiple intermediate states",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9903096"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "5a65b5c0-2299-4291-878f-cc166b24d605",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}