{
  "annotation_id": "992097cf-bc4a-49a3-9e78-8b388e9592ff",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:49.651000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:49.651000Z",
  "file_hash": "c360926a67b4b64229a82be48c9e24ecd2aa37964b5410edfad22bb3ff5ab73a",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "It is shown that electromagnetic vortices can act as beam guides for charged\nparticles. The confinement in the transverse directions is due to the rotation\nof the electric and magnetic fields around the vortex line. Large class of\nexact solutions describing various types of relativistic beams formed by an\nelectromagnetic wave with a simple vortex line is found both in the classical\nand in the quantum case. In the second case, the motion in the transverse\ndirection is fully quantized. Particle trajectories trapped by a vortex are\nvery similar to those in a helical undulator.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0403078",
    "authors": [
      "Iwo Bialynicki-Birula"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.class-ph",
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.020402",
    "journal_ref": "Phys.Rev.Lett.93:020402,2004",
    "title": "Particle beams guided by electromagnetic vortices: New solutions of the   Lorentz, Schr\\\"odinger, Klein-Gordon, and Dirac equations",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0403078"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "eee4fbd6-151b-473e-9df9-1410d8b81ea5",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}