{
  "annotation_id": "956ff7cb-cffe-4130-b0ea-967f88994f17",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:35.577000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:35.577000Z",
  "file_hash": "47209aea19d28d59f60a411956c659a47ee8aaa1ab922d8c3a61536deaa4e474",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Carnot established in 1824 that the efficiency of cyclic engines operating\nbetween a hot bath at absolute temperature $T_{hot}$ and a bath at a lower\ntemperature $T_{cold}$ cannot exceed $1-T_{cold}/T_{hot}$. We show that linear\noscillators alternately in contact with hot and cold baths obey this principle\nin the quantum as well as in the classical regime. The expression of the work\nperformed is derived from a simple prescription. Reversible and non-reversible\ncycles are illustrated. The paper begins with historical considerations and is\nessentially self-contained.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0105048",
    "authors": [
      "J. Arnaud",
      "L. Chusseau",
      "F. Philippe"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.ed-ph",
      "cond-mat.stat-mech",
      "physics.chem-ph",
      "physics.optics",
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1088/0143-0807/23/5/306",
    "title": "Carnot cycle for an oscillator",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0105048"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "d828196d-f1a1-4d31-818a-d8842100e75a",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}