dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaQuantitative patterns in the structure of model and empirical food webs
| Authors | J. Camacho, R. Guimera, D. B. Stouffer, L. A. N. Amaral |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | q-bio/0401023 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/q-bio/0401023 |
Abstract
We analyze the properties of model food webs and of fifteen community food webs from a variety of environments. We first perform a theoretical analysis of the niche model of Williams and Martinez. We derive analytical expressions for the distributions of species' number of prey, number of predators, and total number of trophic links and find that they follow universal functional forms. We also derive expressions for a number of other biologically relevant parameters, including the fraction of top, intermediate, basal, and cannibal species, the standard deviations of generality and vulnerability, the correlation coefficient between species' number of prey and number of predators, and assortativity. We show that our findings are robust under rather general conditions. We then use our analytical predictions as a guide to the analysis of fifteen of the most complete empirical food webs available. We uncover quantitative unifying patterns that describe the properties of the model food webs and most of the trophic webs considered. Our results support a strong new hypothesis that the empirical distributions of number of prey and number of predators follow universal functional forms that, without free parameters, match our analytical predictions. Further, we find that the empirically observed correlation coefficient, assortativity, and fraction of cannibal species are consistent with our analytical expressions and simulations of the niche model. Finally, we show that the average distance between nodes and the average clustering coefficient show a high degree of regularity for both the empirical data and simulations of the niche model. Our findings suggest that statistical physics concepts such as scaling and universality may be useful in the description of natural ecosystems.
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"abstract": "We analyze the properties of model food webs and of fifteen community food\nwebs from a variety of environments. We first perform a theoretical analysis of\nthe niche model of Williams and Martinez. We derive analytical expressions for\nthe distributions of species\u0027 number of prey, number of predators, and total\nnumber of trophic links and find that they follow universal functional forms.\nWe also derive expressions for a number of other biologically relevant\nparameters, including the fraction of top, intermediate, basal, and cannibal\nspecies, the standard deviations of generality and vulnerability, the\ncorrelation coefficient between species\u0027 number of prey and number of\npredators, and assortativity. We show that our findings are robust under rather\ngeneral conditions. We then use our analytical predictions as a guide to the\nanalysis of fifteen of the most complete empirical food webs available. We\nuncover quantitative unifying patterns that describe the properties of the\nmodel food webs and most of the trophic webs considered. Our results support a\nstrong new hypothesis that the empirical distributions of number of prey and\nnumber of predators follow universal functional forms that, without free\nparameters, match our analytical predictions. Further, we find that the\nempirically observed correlation coefficient, assortativity, and fraction of\ncannibal species are consistent with our analytical expressions and simulations\nof the niche model. Finally, we show that the average distance between nodes\nand the average clustering coefficient show a high degree of regularity for\nboth the empirical data and simulations of the niche model. Our findings\nsuggest that statistical physics concepts such as scaling and universality may\nbe useful in the description of natural ecosystems.",
"arxiv_id": "q-bio/0401023",
"authors": [
"J. Camacho",
"R. Guimera",
"D. B. Stouffer",
"L. A. N. Amaral"
],
"categories": [
"q-bio.PE"
],
"title": "Quantitative patterns in the structure of model and empirical food webs",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/q-bio/0401023"
},
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