{
  "annotation_id": "907fb82f-ebf2-4ce4-b9e1-6fee722418ce",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:12.916000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:12.916000Z",
  "file_hash": "c95f52021cb72902a773300fbcd60a9a7a790c66e219ffbabb7cfab61b0e3360",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "In order to beat any type of photon-number-splitting attack, we propose a\nprotocol for quantum key distributoin (QKD) using 4 different intensities of\npulses. They are vacuum and coherent states with mean photon number $\\mu,\\mu\u0027$\nand $\\mu_s$. $\\mu_s$ is around 0.55 and this class of pulses are used as the\nmain signal states. The other two classes of coherent states ($\\mu,\\mu\u0027$) are\nalso used signal states but their counting rates should be studied jointly with\nthe vacuum. We have shown that, given the typical set-up in practice, the key\nrate from the main signal pulses is quite close to the theoretically allowed\nmaximal rate in the case given the small overall transmittance of $10^{-4}$.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0411047",
    "authors": [
      "Xiang-Bin Wang"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevA.72.012322",
    "title": "A decoy-state protocol for quantum cryptography with 4 intensities of   coherent states",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0411047"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "85f2a867-6762-491d-9212-48aac81c7eb9",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}