dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaProbing Cosmic Expansion and Early Universe with Einstein Telescope
| Authors | Angelo Ricciardone, Mairi Sakellariadou, Archisman Ghosh, Alessandro Agapito, M. Celeste Artale, Michael Bacchi, Tessa Baker, Marco Baldi, Nicola Bartolo, Andrea Begnoni, Enis Belgacem, Marek Biesiada, Jose J. Blanco-Pillado, Tomasz Bulik, Marica Branchesi, Gianluca Calcagni, Giulia Capurri, Carmelita Carbone, Roberto Casadio, J. A. R. Cembranos, Andrea Cozzumbo, Ivan De Martino, Jose M. Diego, Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni, Guillem Domènech, Ulyana Dupletsa, Hannah Duval, Gabriele Franciolini, Andrea Giusti, Giuseppe Greco, Lavinia Heisenberg, Alexander C. Jenkins, Sumit Kumar, Gaetano Lambiase, Michele Maggiore, Michele Mancarella, Federico Marulli, Sabino Matarrese, Isabela Santiago de Matos, Michele Moresco, Riccardo Murgia, Ilia Musco, Gabriele Perna, Michele Punturo, Diego Rubiera-Garcia, Javier Rubio, Alexander Sevrin, Riccardo Sturani, Matteo Tagliazucchi, Nicola Tamanini, Alessandro Tronconi, Ville Vaskonen, Daniele Vernieri, Stoytcho Yazadjiev, Ivonne Zavala |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | 2601.06017vv1 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.06017 |
| License | http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/ |
Abstract
Over the next two decades, gravitational-wave (GW) observations are expected to evolve from a discovery-driven endeavour into a precision tool for astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. Current second-generation ground-based detectors have established the existence of compact-binary mergers and enabled GW multi-messenger astronomy, but they remain limited in sensitivity, redshift reach, frequency coverage, and duty cycle. These limitations prevent them from addressing many fundamental open questions in cosmology. By the 2040s, wide-field electromagnetic surveys will have mapped the luminous Universe with unprecedented depth and accuracy. Nevertheless, key problems including the nature of dark matter, the physical origin of cosmic acceleration, the properties of gravity on cosmological scales, and the physical conditions of the earliest moments after the Big Bang will remain only partially constrained by electromagnetic observations alone. Progress on these fronts requires access to physical processes and epochs that do not emit light. Gravitational waves provide a unique and complementary observational channel: they propagate over cosmological distances largely unaffected by intervening matter, probe extreme astrophysical environments, and respond directly to the geometry of spacetime. In this context, next-generation GW observatories such as the Einstein Telescope (ET) will be transformative for European astronomy. Operating at sensitivities and frequencies beyond existing detectors, ET will observe binary black holes and neutron stars out to previously inaccessible redshifts, enable continuous high signal-to-noise monitoring of compact sources, and detect gravitational-wave backgrounds of astrophysical and cosmological origin. Together with space-based detectors, ET will play a central role in advancing our understanding of cosmic evolution and fundamental physics.
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"abstract": "Over the next two decades, gravitational-wave (GW) observations are expected to evolve from a discovery-driven endeavour into a precision tool for astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. Current second-generation ground-based detectors have established the existence of compact-binary mergers and enabled GW multi-messenger astronomy, but they remain limited in sensitivity, redshift reach, frequency coverage, and duty cycle. These limitations prevent them from addressing many fundamental open questions in cosmology. By the 2040s, wide-field electromagnetic surveys will have mapped the luminous Universe with unprecedented depth and accuracy. Nevertheless, key problems including the nature of dark matter, the physical origin of cosmic acceleration, the properties of gravity on cosmological scales, and the physical conditions of the earliest moments after the Big Bang will remain only partially constrained by electromagnetic observations alone. Progress on these fronts requires access to physical processes and epochs that do not emit light. Gravitational waves provide a unique and complementary observational channel: they propagate over cosmological distances largely unaffected by intervening matter, probe extreme astrophysical environments, and respond directly to the geometry of spacetime. In this context, next-generation GW observatories such as the Einstein Telescope (ET) will be transformative for European astronomy. Operating at sensitivities and frequencies beyond existing detectors, ET will observe binary black holes and neutron stars out to previously inaccessible redshifts, enable continuous high signal-to-noise monitoring of compact sources, and detect gravitational-wave backgrounds of astrophysical and cosmological origin. Together with space-based detectors, ET will play a central role in advancing our understanding of cosmic evolution and fundamental physics.",
"arxiv_id": "2601.06017",
"authors": [
"Angelo Ricciardone",
"Mairi Sakellariadou",
"Archisman Ghosh",
"Alessandro Agapito",
"M. Celeste Artale",
"Michael Bacchi",
"Tessa Baker",
"Marco Baldi",
"Nicola Bartolo",
"Andrea Begnoni",
"Enis Belgacem",
"Marek Biesiada",
"Jose J. Blanco-Pillado",
"Tomasz Bulik",
"Marica Branchesi",
"Gianluca Calcagni",
"Giulia Capurri",
"Carmelita Carbone",
"Roberto Casadio",
"J. A. R. Cembranos",
"Andrea Cozzumbo",
"Ivan De Martino",
"Jose M. Diego",
"Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni",
"Guillem Dom\u00e8nech",
"Ulyana Dupletsa",
"Hannah Duval",
"Gabriele Franciolini",
"Andrea Giusti",
"Giuseppe Greco",
"Lavinia Heisenberg",
"Alexander C. Jenkins",
"Sumit Kumar",
"Gaetano Lambiase",
"Michele Maggiore",
"Michele Mancarella",
"Federico Marulli",
"Sabino Matarrese",
"Isabela Santiago de Matos",
"Michele Moresco",
"Riccardo Murgia",
"Ilia Musco",
"Gabriele Perna",
"Michele Punturo",
"Diego Rubiera-Garcia",
"Javier Rubio",
"Alexander Sevrin",
"Riccardo Sturani",
"Matteo Tagliazucchi",
"Nicola Tamanini",
"Alessandro Tronconi",
"Ville Vaskonen",
"Daniele Vernieri",
"Stoytcho Yazadjiev",
"Ivonne Zavala"
],
"categories": [
"astro-ph.CO",
"gr-qc"
],
"license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
"title": "Probing Cosmic Expansion and Early Universe with Einstein Telescope",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.06017",
"version": "v1"
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