dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaOptimal Sizes of Dielectric Microspheres for Cavity QED with Strong Coupling
| Authors | J. R. Buck, H. J. Kimble |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | quant-ph/0210039 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0210039 |
| DOI | 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.033806 |
Abstract
The whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of quartz microspheres are investigated for the purpose of strong coupling between single photons and atoms in cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity QED). Within our current understanding of the loss mechanisms of the WGMs, the saturation photon number, n, and critical atom number, N, cannot be minimized simultaneously, so that an "optimal" sphere size is taken to be the radius for which the geometric mean, (n x N)^(1/2), is minimized. While a general treatment is given for the dimensionless parameters used to characterize the atom-cavity system, detailed consideration is given to the D2 transition in atomic Cesium (852nm) using fused-silica microspheres, for which the maximum coupling coefficient g/(2*pi)=750MHz occurs for a sphere radius a=3.63microns corresponding to the minimum for n=6.06x10^(-6). By contrast, the minimum for N=9.00x10^(-6) occurs for a sphere radius of a=8.12microns, while the optimal sphere size for which (n x N)^(1/2) is minimized occurs at a=7.83microns. On an experimental front, we have fabricated fused-silica microspheres with radii a=10microns and consistently observed quality factors Q=0.8x10^(7). These results for the WGMs are compared with corresponding parameters achieved in Fabry-Perot cavities to demonstrate the significant potential of microspheres as a tool for cavity QED with strong coupling.
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"abstract": "The whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of quartz microspheres are investigated\nfor the purpose of strong coupling between single photons and atoms in cavity\nquantum electrodynamics (cavity QED). Within our current understanding of the\nloss mechanisms of the WGMs, the saturation photon number, n, and critical atom\nnumber, N, cannot be minimized simultaneously, so that an \"optimal\" sphere size\nis taken to be the radius for which the geometric mean, (n x N)^(1/2), is\nminimized. While a general treatment is given for the dimensionless parameters\nused to characterize the atom-cavity system, detailed consideration is given to\nthe D2 transition in atomic Cesium (852nm) using fused-silica microspheres, for\nwhich the maximum coupling coefficient g/(2*pi)=750MHz occurs for a sphere\nradius a=3.63microns corresponding to the minimum for n=6.06x10^(-6). By\ncontrast, the minimum for N=9.00x10^(-6) occurs for a sphere radius of\na=8.12microns, while the optimal sphere size for which (n x N)^(1/2) is\nminimized occurs at a=7.83microns. On an experimental front, we have fabricated\nfused-silica microspheres with radii a=10microns and consistently observed\nquality factors Q=0.8x10^(7). These results for the WGMs are compared with\ncorresponding parameters achieved in Fabry-Perot cavities to demonstrate the\nsignificant potential of microspheres as a tool for cavity QED with strong\ncoupling.",
"arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0210039",
"authors": [
"J. R. Buck",
"H. J. Kimble"
],
"categories": [
"quant-ph"
],
"doi": "10.1103/PhysRevA.67.033806",
"title": "Optimal Sizes of Dielectric Microspheres for Cavity QED with Strong Coupling",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0210039"
},
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