{
  "annotation_id": "88b62f62-a2ac-4c19-90ea-0252fcabafcd",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:01.357000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:01.357000Z",
  "file_hash": "5b2b756a7304064d938ef2332f134669fa8b5a1af15711126602ffc6f5d2322c",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Particle number fluctuations are studied in the microcanonical ensemble. For\nthe Boltzmann statistics we deduce exact analytical formulae for the\nmicrocanonical partition functions in the case of non-interacting massless\nneutral particles and charged particles with zero net charge. The particle\nnumber fluctuations are calculated and we find that in the microcanonical\nensemble they are suppressed in comparison to the fluctuations in the canonical\nand grand canonical ensembles. This remains valid in the thermodynamic limit\ntoo, so that the well-known equivalence of all statistical ensembles refers to\naverage quantities, but does not apply to fluctuations. In the thermodynamic\nlimit we are able to calculate the particle number fluctuations in the system\nof massive bosons and fermions when the exact conservation laws of both the\nenergy and charge are taken into account.",
    "arxiv_id": "nucl-th/0410044",
    "authors": [
      "V. V. Begun",
      "M. I. Gorenstein",
      "A. P. Kostyuk",
      "O. S. Zozulya"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "nucl-th"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevC.71.054904",
    "journal_ref": "Phys.Rev. C71 (2005) 054904",
    "title": "Particle Number Fluctuations in the Microcanonical Ensemble",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0410044"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "a9c370c9-a034-44e5-9095-920e9652924e",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}