{
  "annotation_id": "85ff2314-b4d3-4392-a321-3a51b81a5624",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:43.251000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:43.251000Z",
  "file_hash": "cd53db427491b9d6965e17bd7b2641acef2264a3289937616290ee4f8fe85041",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The magnetohydrodynamic kink instability is observed and identified\nexperimentally as a poloidal flux amplification mechanism for coaxial gun\nspheromak formation. Plasmas in this experiment fall into three distinct\nregimes which depend on the peak gun current to magnetic flux ratio, with (I)\nlow values resulting in a straight plasma column with helical magnetic field,\n(II) intermediate values leading to kinking of the column axis, and (III) high\nvalues leading immediately to a detached plasma. Onset of column kinking agrees\nquantitatively with the Kruskal-Shafranov limit, and the kink acts as a dynamo\nwhich converts toroidal to poloidal flux. Regime II clearly leads to both\npoloidal flux amplification and the development of a spheromak configuration.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0304104",
    "authors": [
      "S. C. Hsu",
      "P. M. Bellan"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.plasm-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.215002",
    "journal_ref": "Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 215002 (2003)",
    "title": "Experimental Identification of the Kink Instability as a Poloidal Flux   Amplification Mechanism for Coaxial Gun Spheromak Formation",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0304104"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "d51e5e75-7433-4823-ba05-8601814faa06",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}