{
  "annotation_id": "81e7d9b2-dcc7-4833-b3a7-93cf98929c98",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:18.139000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:18.139000Z",
  "file_hash": "122f147379ca59ec8a3574063bfaee16624a8ce6936cff894bcb4660fbb526c0",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Incompatibility between the principle of the constancy of the speed of light\nand the Lorentz contraction in the global positioning system (GPS) is\ndiscussed. The GPS works precisely in the earth-centered locally inertial (ECI)\ncoordinate system on the condition that the speed of light c is assumed to be\nconstant regardless of the inertial motion of the GPS satellites and the earth.\nThe inertial system of the earth travels not only in the solar system at the\nvelocity 30 km/s but also in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at the\nvelocity 700 km/s. The deviation on the car navigation system by the Lorentz\ncontraction of 700 km/s is maximally estimated as 54 m. However, such a large\ndeviation is not observed: that is, the Lorentz contraction is not observed in\nthe gravitational field of the earth. If there is a Lorentz contraction, the\nGPS cannot work so precisely. The GPS satellites are in the gravitational field\nof the earth, therefore the system should be interpreted by the theory of\ngeneral relativity as well as special relativity.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0703123",
    "authors": [
      "Masanori Sato"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "title": "Incompatibility between the principle of the constancy of the speed of   light and the Lorentz contraction in the GPS Experiment",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0703123"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "37d37f4c-b935-418e-8c0f-336ab52c9c93",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}