{
  "annotation_id": "806af480-43b8-47aa-bcf3-ab5783b578bd",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:18.147000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:18.147000Z",
  "file_hash": "01ba4dccc5a490836f9e17110bfa7c5b6d3f9991ba21ea1bc526ce175c2ac43c",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We determine a simple expression for the ramp width of a collisionless fast\nshock, based upon the relationship between the noncoplanar and main magnetic\nfield components. By comparing this predicted width with that measured during\nan observation of a shock, the shock velocity can be determined from a single\nspacecraft. For a range of low-Mach, low-beta bow shock observations made by\nthe ISEE-1 and -2 spacecraft, ramp widths determined from two-spacecraft\ncomparison and from this noncoplanar component relationship agree within 30%.\nWhen two-spacecraft measurements are not available or are inefficient, this\ntechnique provides a reasonable estimation of scale size for low-Mach shocks.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/9702009",
    "authors": [
      "J. A. Newbury",
      "C. T. Russell",
      "M. Gedalin"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.space-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1029/97GL01977",
    "title": "The determination of shock ramp width using the noncoplanar magnetic   field component",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/9702009"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "d85e7904-2666-490c-a794-037a4b176cbf",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}