{
  "annotation_id": "7f4fa5d5-615a-4524-8afb-7f2298efd7e0",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:06.614000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:06.614000Z",
  "file_hash": "3340ea47e6dce696deae20d88f01e9a7f42920551b7aeadc952c75ba8dda9c22",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The dynamics of two-dimensional electromagnetic (EM) pulses through\none-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPC) has been theoretically studied.\nEmploying the time expectation integral over the Poynting vector as the arrival\ntime [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2370, (2000)], we show that the superluminal\ntunneling process of EM pulses is the propagation of the net forward-going\nPoynting vector through the 1DPC, and the Hartman effect is due to the\nsaturation effect of the arrival time (smaller and smaller time accumulated) of\nthe net forward energy flow caused by the interference effect of the forward\nand the backward field (from the interfaces of each layer) happened in the\nregion before the 1DPC and in the front part of the 1DPC.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0603003",
    "authors": [
      "Li-Gang Wang",
      "Shi-Yao Zhu"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.optics"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevB.73.195119",
    "title": "Dynamic Pattern of Finite-Pulsed Beams inside One-dimensional Photonic   Band Gap Materials",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0603003"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "321b25b1-97e4-4c7b-9e4f-cf200629e2f0",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}