{
  "annotation_id": "7f092bc7-d89d-41cf-82c2-063d21113002",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:27.506000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:27.506000Z",
  "file_hash": "a2410d22d9570e2dd235f69f4a13a61f3d2c5a7462cd8a9b466548d41adf60b6",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Given a mixed quantum state $\\rho$ of a qudit, we consider any observable $M$\nas a kind of `thermometer\u0027 in the following sense. Given a source which emits\npure states with these or those distributions, we select such distributions\nthat the appropriate average value of the observable $M$ is equal to the\naverage Tr$M\\rho$ of $M$ in the stare $\\rho$. Among those distributions we find\nthe most typical one, namely, having the highest differential entropy. We call\nthis distribution conditional Gibbs ensemble as it turns out to be a Gibbs\ndistribution characterized by a temperature-like parameter $\\beta$. The\nexpressions establishing the liaisons between the density operator $\\rho$ and\nits temperature parameter $\\beta$ are provided. Within this approach, the\nuniform mixed state has the highest `temperature\u0027, which tends to zero as the\nstate in question approaches to a pure state.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0606014",
    "authors": [
      "George Parfionov",
      "Roman R. Zapatrin"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1142/S0219749907002803",
    "journal_ref": "International Journal of Quantum Information (IJQI), Volume: 5,\n  311-317 (2007)",
    "title": "How `hot\u0027 are mixed quantum states?",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0606014"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "63bf598c-b7cd-4b74-ab52-e2bc09d62d06",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}