{
  "annotation_id": "7be2e80f-172b-4211-91fb-aeddb3e84e61",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:14.402000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:14.402000Z",
  "file_hash": "68bac33cdec8348502c1a36fe24de7f01b91580772fd5f7172b1ee7b2f3c5221",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "A room-temperature beam of krypton atoms in the metastable 5s[3/2]2 level is\ndemonstrated via an optical excitation method. A Kr-discharge lamp is used to\nproduce VUV photons at 124 nm for the first-step excitation from the\nground-level 4p6 1S0 to the 5s[3/2]1 level. An 819 nm Ti:Sapphire laser is used\nfor the second-step excitation from 5s[3/2]1 to 5p[3/2]1, followed by a\nspontaneous decay to the 5s[3/2]2 metastable level. A metastable atomic beam\nwith an angular flux density of 3 x 10^14 /s/sr is achieved at the total gas\nflow rate of 0.01 cm^3 STP/s (or 3 x 10^17 atoms/s). The dependences of the\nflux on the gas flow rate, laser power, and lamp parameters are investigated.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0612046",
    "authors": [
      "Y. Ding",
      "S. -M. Hu",
      "K. Bailey",
      "A. M. Davis",
      "R. W. Dunford",
      "Z. -T. Lu",
      "T. P. O\u0027Connor",
      "L. Young"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.atom-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1063/1.2437193",
    "title": "A Thermal Beam of Metastable Krypton Atoms Produced by Optical   Excitation",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0612046"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "52903abf-9dfa-4618-9140-df8f16252e6a",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}