{
  "annotation_id": "71f32d52-2502-45ad-910e-bf5b3725438b",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:02.268000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:02.268000Z",
  "file_hash": "0ffd0697db5891094b69356e36ee38a810fe1250cd668991d3dc904ebb4ca103",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "All optical techniques used to probe the properties of Bose-Einstein\ncondensates have been based on dispersion and absorption that can be described\nby a two-level atom. Both phenomena lead to spontaneous emission that is\ndestructive. Recently, both were shown to lead to the same limit to the signal\nto noise ratio for a given destruction. We generalise this result to show that\nno single-pass optical technique using classical light, based on any number of\nlasers or coherences between any number of levels, can exceed the limit imposed\nby the two-level atom. This puts significant restrictions on potential\nnon-destructive measurement schemes.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0308153",
    "authors": [
      "J. J. Hope",
      "J. D. Close"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph",
      "cond-mat",
      "physics.optics"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.180402",
    "title": "Limit to non-destructive optical detection of atoms",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0308153"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "ff1a363a-8714-4e83-ba90-cf9f457a272e",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}