{
  "annotation_id": "70bfe3ca-b74c-403b-b8c5-09e526a0f7ca",
  "date_created": "2026-02-17T05:53:19.947000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-02-17T05:53:19.947000Z",
  "file_hash": "2cc57bd28a320b23b8af47eae990eccc0d25dcb972320c8b297bb04136d9abc8",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Two of the most pressing challenges in cosmology are the persistent discrepancy in measurements of the Hubble constant, referred to as the Hubble tension, and the deficit of baryons in the local Universe, known as the missing baryon problem. Fast radio bursts (FRBs) encode the integrated electron column density along their lines of sight, offering a unique probe of both the cosmic expansion rate ($H_0$) and the baryon density ($\\Omega_{\\rm b}$). However, constraints from FRBs alone suffer from a severe $H_0$-$\\Omega_{\\rm b}$ degeneracy that prevents them from resolving either problem independently. We show that this degeneracy can be broken by combining FRBs with other emerging probes whose degeneracy directions differ in the $H_0$-$\\Omega_{\\rm b}$ plane. Specifically, we quantify three multi-messenger approaches: FRBs paired with gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens, strong gravitational lensing (SGL) time delays, and 21 cm intensity mapping (IM). The combinations FRB+GW, FRB+SGL, and FRB+21 cm IM each deliver simultaneous constraints on $H_0$ and $\\Omega_{\\rm b}$ better than ($1\\%$, $1\\%$) in the $\\Lambda$CDM model, ($1.5\\%$, $2\\%$) in the $w$CDM model, and ($2\\%$, $3.5\\%$) in the CPL model. Moreover, in a model-independent framework, both FRB+GW and FRB+SGL constrain $H_0$ and $\\Omega_{\\rm b}$ to better than ($1\\%$, $2\\%$) precision. These results demonstrate that the synergy between FRBs and other emerging probes holds great promise for resolving the Hubble tension and locating the missing baryons.",
    "arxiv_id": "2601.09521",
    "authors": [
      "Peng-Ju Wu",
      "Bo-Yang Zhang",
      "Ji-Guo Zhang",
      "Guo-Hong Du",
      "Shang-Jie Jin",
      "Xin Zhang"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "astro-ph.CO",
      "gr-qc",
      "hep-ph"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "title": "Resolving Hubble tension and locating missing baryons: Synergies between fast radio bursts and emerging cosmological probes",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.09521",
    "version": "v1"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "59a431d4-42f5-4cf9-a7e0-ced29144bd73",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-01-17",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}