{
  "annotation_id": "6f0749b6-b1ab-4489-a31a-639421fef1a5",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:03.648000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:03.648000Z",
  "file_hash": "6d81b4d6685e83c0548a7de1c28c62617f4979d89bb1880ad9c1638844ad22e1",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "When an electron (or positronium atom) is injected into liquid helium with\nnearly zero energy, a bubble quickly forms around it. This phenomenon (which\nalso occurs in liquid hydrogen, liquid neon and possibly in solid helium)\nlowers the mobility of the electron to a value similar to that for a positive\nion. We estimate the radius of the bubble at zero pressure and temperature\nbased on the zero point energy of the electron. If the liquid is held in a\nstate of negative pressure, the bubble will expand beyond the radius at zero\npressure. We also estimate the negative pressure such that a bubble once formed\nwill grow without limit.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0312037",
    "authors": [
      "Kirk T. McDonald"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "title": "Electron Bubbles in Liquid Helium",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0312037"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "448f8b87-899f-4d6d-b104-c87f864ebcea",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}