{
  "annotation_id": "6d5b019d-8e22-40ba-9478-edfd530b0914",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:57.385000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:57.385000Z",
  "file_hash": "a342fbbd0dc98525a30a74f58cafc441a8303182e14a40811ed7e317e7221861",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Nanometer-sized columns of condensed water molecules are created by an\natomic-resolution force microscope operated in ambient conditions. Unusual\nstepwise decrease of the force gradient associated with the thin water bridge\nin the tip-substrate gap is observed during its stretch, exhibiting regularity\nin step heights (~0.5 N/m) and plateau lengths (~1 nm). Such \"quantized\"\nelasticity is indicative of the atomic-scale stick-slip at the tip-water\ninterface. A thermodynamic-instability-induced rupture of the water meniscus\n(5-nm long and 2.6-nm wide) is also found. This work opens a high-resolution\nstudy of the structure and the interface dynamics of a nanometric aqueous\ncolumn.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0503165",
    "authors": [
      "H. Choe",
      "M. -H. Hong",
      "Y. Seo",
      "K. Lee",
      "G. Kim",
      "Y. Cho",
      "J. Ihm",
      "and W. Jhe"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.flu-dyn",
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.187801",
    "title": "Formation, Manipulation, and Elasticity Measurement of a Nanometric   Column of Water Molecules",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0503165"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "aa9226e5-325f-4707-957c-3bf12d2ea266",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}