{
  "annotation_id": "69f52d18-af95-42a5-ba96-6c191b3b60dd",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:24.101000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:24.101000Z",
  "file_hash": "b4847dff1467f6340c2abcb8516b7e6b9003c9e6c2bf7e29fd9e69637cabac14",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Electron motion in an oblique shock wave is studied by means of a\none-dimensional, relativistic, electromagnetic, particle simulation code with\nfull ion and electron dynamics. It is found that an oblique shock can produce\nelectrons with ultra-relativistic energies; Lorentz factors with $\\gamma \\gto\n100$ have been observed in our simulations. The physical mechanisms for the\nreflection and acceleration are discussed, and the maximum energy is estimated.\nIf the electron reflection occurs near the end of a large-amplitude pulse,\nthose particles will then be trapped in the pulse and gain a great deal of\nenergy. The theory predicts that the electron energies can become especially\nhigh at certain propagation angles. This is verified by the simulations.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/9905061",
    "authors": [
      "Naoki Bessho",
      "Yukiharu Ohsawa"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.plasm-ph",
      "physics.space-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1063/1.873548",
    "title": "Electron acceleration to ultrarelativistic energies in a collisionless   oblique shock wave",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/9905061"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "50f98379-a98c-40e4-b44f-56c4807479f9",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}