{
  "annotation_id": "637a1b13-e09e-429e-8ef5-e4abbf9c116f",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:00.795000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:00.795000Z",
  "file_hash": "1d9273765dd3acbe00c378b69c0a5d4e6c43fd497e1911b34e18e728f39eff93",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The electric induction force due to a time-varying current is used to account\nfor the longitudinal recoil force exerted on the rails of railgun accelerators.\nAs observed in the experiments, this induction force is longitudinal to the\nrails and can be the strongest at the heads of the rails. Besides, for the\nforce due to a closed circuit, it is shown that the Riemann force law, which is\nbased on a potential energy depending on a relative speed and is in accord with\nNewton\u0027s law of action and reaction, can reduce to the Lorentz force law.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0506043",
    "authors": [
      "Ching-Chuan Su"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.class-ph"
    ],
    "title": "An Ignored Mechanism for the Longitudinal Recoil Force in Railguns and   Revitalization of the Riemann Force Law",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0506043"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "807d8039-6865-417d-980f-70278191ff1f",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}