{
  "annotation_id": "6289c4b3-5f41-488d-a9ec-4cc16f4fbae1",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:32.539000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:32.539000Z",
  "file_hash": "4b3b12b9bbb7cb2f5f87aa4922abd48b8406213af38974c8e083da34f5c9dd8e",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Three alternative designs of the European Spallation Source (ESS) high energy\nlinac are described. The most promising ones are either a normalconducting (nc)\ncoupled cavity linac (CCL) up tofinal energy or a change at 407 MeV to only one\ngroup of 6 cell superconducting (sc) elliptical cavities.\n  Fully 3d Monte Carlo simulations are presented for both options, optimized\nfor reduced halo formation at the linac end. For the error free matched case,\nespecially the halo formation in the longitudinal plane is more pronounced for\nthe hybrid solution with its superconducting cavities, caused by the\nunavoidable phase slippage, but still quite well acceptable for loss free ring\ninjection. Simulations however for a 30% mismatched dense core, surrounded in\naddition by 1.5% halo particles are showing few particles with very large\namplitudes even in real space. This case represents halo formation in front to\nend simulations, caused by current fluctuations, filamented RFQ output\ndistribution and enhanced by accumulated field errors.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0008106",
    "authors": [
      "M. Pabst",
      "K. Bongardt",
      "A. Letchford"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.acc-ph"
    ],
    "journal_ref": "eConf C000821 (2000) THB03",
    "title": "High Current Beam Dynamics in an Ess SC Linac",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0008106"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "3c2afe3c-caf3-4c5a-b4c5-493d39c7fd50",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}