dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaViolation of the gauge equivalence
| Authors | R. I. Khrapko |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | physics/0105031 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0105031 |
Abstract
F. V. Gubarev et al. (``On the significance of the vector potential squared'', Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2220) have argued that the vector potential itself may have physical meaning, in defiance of the gauge equivalence principle. Earlier R. I. Khrapko proposed a gauge noninvariant electrodynamics spin tensor (``Spin density of electromagnetic waves''). The standard electrodynamics spin tensor is zero. Here we point out that the Biot-Savarat formula uniquely results in a preferred, "true" vector potential field which is generated from a given magnetic field. A similar integral formula uniquely permits to find a "true" scalar potential field generated from a given electric field even in the case of a nonpotential electric field. A conception of differential forms is used. We say that an exterior derivative of a form is the boundary of this form and the integration of a form by the Biot-Savarat-type formula results in a new form named the generation. Generating from a generation yields zero. The boundary of a boundary is zero. A boundary is closed. A generation is sterile. A conjugation is considered. The conjugation converts closed forms to sterile forms and back. It permits to construct chains of forms. The conjunction differs from the Hodge star operation: the conjugation does not imply the dualization. A circularly polarized wave is considered in view of the electrodynamics spin tensor problem. A new anthropic principle is presented.
{
"annotation_id": "614c6c6a-0f26-4a1f-b5e6-41134bf952ea",
"date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:36.290000Z",
"date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:36.290000Z",
"file_hash": "ea6cc9b185669c2b359da5a2135ce42db8ea51352d3e1a83c9b74d1d6b305bca",
"private": false,
"record": {
"abstract": "F. V. Gubarev et al. (``On the significance of the vector potential\nsquared\u0027\u0027, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2220) have argued that the vector potential\nitself may have physical meaning, in defiance of the gauge equivalence\nprinciple. Earlier R. I. Khrapko proposed a gauge noninvariant electrodynamics\nspin tensor (``Spin density of electromagnetic waves\u0027\u0027). The standard\nelectrodynamics spin tensor is zero.\n Here we point out that the Biot-Savarat formula uniquely results in a\npreferred, \"true\" vector potential field which is generated from a given\nmagnetic field. A similar integral formula uniquely permits to find a \"true\"\nscalar potential field generated from a given electric field even in the case\nof a nonpotential electric field.\n A conception of differential forms is used. We say that an exterior\nderivative of a form is the boundary of this form and the integration of a form\nby the Biot-Savarat-type formula results in a new form named the generation.\nGenerating from a generation yields zero. The boundary of a boundary is zero. A\nboundary is closed. A generation is sterile. A conjugation is considered. The\nconjugation converts closed forms to sterile forms and back. It permits to\nconstruct chains of forms. The conjunction differs from the Hodge star\noperation: the conjugation does not imply the dualization. A circularly\npolarized wave is considered in view of the electrodynamics spin tensor\nproblem.\n A new anthropic principle is presented.",
"arxiv_id": "physics/0105031",
"authors": [
"R. I. Khrapko"
],
"categories": [
"physics.gen-ph"
],
"title": "Violation of the gauge equivalence",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0105031"
},
"schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
"source": {
"execution_id": "6290ad8f-019e-460a-b507-9c10cc8cd101",
"id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
"type": "Model",
"variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
"version": "0.1.0"
},
"user_id": 1000002
}