{
  "annotation_id": "587c8b47-8ada-4f0c-a7e7-021a0b7e16ed",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:13.463000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:13.463000Z",
  "file_hash": "4a2f21f0f74b26047f76afb28af56df9caa09df7d3d29eedb38ca3cc8141f7d2",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "A highly sensitive photodetection system with a detection limit of 1 photon/s\nwas developed. This system uses a commercially available 200-mm-diameter\nsilicon avalanche photodiode (APD) and an in-house-developed ultralow-noise\nreadout circuit, which are both cooled to 77 K. When the APD operates at a low\ngain of about 10, it has a high-linearity response to the number of incident\nphotons and a low excess noise factor. The APD also has high quantum efficiency\nand a dark current of less than 1 e/s at 77 K. This photodetection system will\nshorten the measurement time and enable higher spatial and wavelength\nresolution for near-field scanning optical microscopes.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0503048",
    "authors": [
      "Makoto Akiba",
      "Mikio Fujiwara",
      "Masahide Sasaki"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1364/OL.30.000123",
    "journal_ref": "Optics Letters, 30(2), 123 (2005)",
    "title": "Ultrahigh-sensitivity high-linearity photodetection system using a   low-gain avalanche photodiode with an ultralow-noise readout circuit",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0503048"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "8f1f9522-3fb5-4cc7-a65c-2e13b38e40d3",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}